Todays Postal Rule Application - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1394 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Communication Essay Knowledge Essay Did you like this example? It is usually said that not only the offer be accepted, but the acceptance must be communicated to the offeror. Where the parties are negotiating face to face, this present no problem since the acts or words which manifest acceptance will also communicate it. Where the parties are negotiating at a distance by post, telephone, telegram, telex, fax or messenger the principle obviously has important applications. (Dudgale, 1992) However in the case of postal acceptance, perhaps numerically the most common case, the rule is subject to an exception (Dudgale, 1992). It was decided in Adams v Lindsell (1818) that a postal acceptance was effective as soon as it was posted even if the letter is delayed, destroyed or lost in the post and it never reaches the offeror. On 2nd September, the defendant wrote an offer selling goods to the plaintiff and asked a reply by post. On 5th September the plaintiff received the letter and sent his acceptance by post. However the defendant had sold the goods to a third party on the 8th September and received the letter of acceptance by the plaintiff on 9th September. It was held that a binding agreement was made and the postal rule noted that the date of sending is the date of acceptance. (McKendrick, 2008) In Household Fire and Carriage Accident Insurance v Grant (1879), this rule was applied even when the letter of acceptance was inadequately stamped or wrongly addressed, and it is open to the offeror to say expressly that he will not be bound until he receive the acceptance. Moreover, in Holwell Securities v Hughes (1974), the Court of Appeal held that such a requirement could be implied from the nature of the contract (exercise of an option). Keenan, 2007) Meanwhile, modern forms of communication such as e-mail, telephones with answering machines and faxes do not follow the postal rule. (Kelly, Holmes Hayward, 2005). On the other hand the communication rule was applied to contracts of telex by the Court of appeal in E ntores v Miles Far East Corpn (1955) and by the House of Lords in Brinkibon v Stahag Stahl (1982). In these cases generally, the telex machines were in the offices of the parties and messages were sent during the office hours. Communication, therefore, was practically instantaneous as it is on telephone, which is assumed to be covered by the same rule. (Rose, 2008) The postal rule does not apply to the modern form of communication, also known as instantaneous communication because they occupy an intermediate position. This can be said that the time of acceptance is the time of receiving compared to the postal communication. However, courier service is still bound to the postal rule as the time of acceptance is the time of sending. Beale, Bishop Furmston, 2008) There are criticisms existed for postal rule. One of the criticisms of the rule is that it favours the offeree. The English case of Household Fire Insurance v. Grant (1879) is a prime example of the possible injustice whic h may result in the application of the postal rule. In this case, on receipt of an offer from Grant to take up an insurance policy, the company posted back their acceptance and the letter never arrived, so Grant was unaware of the acceptance from the company. It was held that a contract existed, and that he was liable to pay premiums. (O’Brien, 2007) This example shows how, through application of the postal rule, a party may be bound by a contract without actual knowledge of its existence. If the rule stated that the contract would not be formed until receipt by the offeror, injustices like this could be avoided. According to Furmston (2001), it would also have been acceptable as a ruling in the Adams v. Lindsell case as â€Å"the defendants’ offer would not be revoked by their sale to third party on 8th September. This statement underpins the fact that the ruling was an arbitrary one, which was needed to make certain the law regarding acceptance by post at the tim e. (O’Brien, 2007) Due to the high proportion of modern forms of communication, for example fax, registered post where receipt of acceptance is normally issued to the customer, and e-mail, the usage of the postal system in modern day business is waning. Electronic telecommunication, are the most common competition for the long established postal system. One of the earliest references of case law regarding electronic communications is Entores Ltd v. Miles Far East Corporation (1955). This English case deals with an offer which was sent via the plaintiff’s telex machine to the defendants in Holland. The plaintiff sent a telex message from England offering to purchase 100 tons of Cathodes from the defendants in Holland. The defendant sent back a telex from Holland to the London office accepting that offer. The question for the court was at what point the contract came into existence. If the acceptance was effective from the time the telex was sent the contract was made in Holland and Dutch law would apply. If the acceptance took place when the telex was received in London then the contract would be governed by English law. The English Court of Appeal held that the contract was concluded when the acceptance was received in London. This set a precedent which isolated electronic forms of communication from the authority of the postal rule. (Poole, 2008) The principles of the Entores case were approved by the House of Lords in the case Brinkibon Ltd. v. Stahag Stahl und Stahlwarenhandelgesellschaft GmbH. Lord Wilberforce declared that he would accept it as a â€Å"general rule †¦ but not necessarily a universal rule. He believed that to avoid the injustice that might be caused by universal application of the rule, cases regarding instantaneous forms of communication must be resolved â€Å"by reference to the intention of the parties, by sound business practice and in some cases by a judgment where the risks should lie. † This lack of an undeniable rule creates a margin for the types of cases which would otherwise be dealt with in an unjust manner. (Peel, 2007) Nonetheless, if an offeror provides an offer with an e-mail address for purposes of correspondence, the acceptance by the offeree is effective when it first becomes accessible by the offeror. This is a contemporary example of how the postal rule is being dispensed with in favour of the more liberal general rule as applied in Brinkibon. (Peel, 2007) Another criticism of postal rule is that the effects due to revocation of offer. Where an acceptance is posted after the offeror posts a revocation of the offer, however before that revocation has been received, the acceptance will be binding, as posted acceptance take effect on posting. (Kelly, Holmes Hayward, 2005) This point is illustrated in Byrne Co. v. Van Tienhoven Co. (1880), where the courts confirmed the long-standing idea that any revocation of an offer must be communicated to the offeree; al though again there are some exceptions to this rule. The offeror need to communicate this revocation to the offeree himself, however. It is not always practicable for a company, or even an individual, to communicate directly with the other contracting party and this is reflected in the decision in Dickinson v. Dodds (1876) that revocation may be communicated by a reliable third party. Kelly, Holmes Hayward, 2005) The question is then whether a revocation sent at the same time as an acceptance will nullify an offer. In Household Fire and Carriage Accident Insurance Co. v. Grant (1879), the court ruled that the postal rule only applies to acceptances. As a result, revocation is only effective if it can be received by the offeree before they post their acceptance. (O’Brien, 2007) In contract law, the offeror is aware of the terms of an offer before the offeree and thus is in a better position to know when that a contract may be created. It would therefore unjustifiably preju dice the offeree if the offeror were able to withdraw their offer even after a letter of acceptance has been posted. The postal rule reflects this state of interaction and goes some way to balancing the power levels between the two parties. (Kelly, Holmes Hayward, 2005) In a nutshell, judging by the criticism of the postal rule which it favours the offeree creating unbalance in justice and the effect after the offer being revocated, this postal rule of acceptance will not be applicable to modern forms of communication. 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The Ethics Principle Adoption For Working And Individual...

1. What is your key learning from the articles? My specific insight from this study is that I have perceived in the ethics principle adoption for working and individual decision on the ethics framework. When I have thought about ethics, it can be seemed to talk about the discipline or concern about judgement and responsibility on rightness. I have had research about the definition of ethics. Ethics is the way of individual and society has to do morality, but morality could be reality norms bias and emotion (Jonasson and Ingason 2013). The ethics means thinking to deal with judging on the rightness or wrongness of the human behaviour (Kliem L. 2012), two sources both likely seem to be similarly meaning of ethics. I now recognize that the ethics is the honesty of human on their judgement, behaviour and the rightness. Furthermore, my opinion about the ethics and moral behaviour both is probably abstract, this cannot measure by tools or equipment but it can be observed and monitoring directly those acts of human nature. For instance, the case of my previous colleague, he has lack of the ethics and the faithful to do a good employee and also selfish, this situation make him dismissal and was incarcerated two years. He was senior field engineer and had worked long time for the firm. In that time, he worked in one of the big project, he stole scrap steel bars to sell, and did not give back that money to the firm but he took the benefit of their own. He was investigated after theShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of The Ottawa Hospital Board1518 Words   |  7 Pagesthey increase their awareness and recognition of ethical issues, risk of ethical conflicts, and put into practice ethical decision-making as it applies to and aligns with the mission, vision and values of The Ottawa Hospital (Appendix1)1. 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Care in health,social or young peoples settings Free Essays

Hello there. I understand you are thinking of entering the care profession as a support worker. As a support worker we all have a duty of care to clients. We will write a custom essay sample on Care in health,social or young peoples settings or any similar topic only for you Order Now The duty of care is to ensure that we act in the best possible way to keep our clients safe from harm, while at the same time not taking away their independence or their right to make individual choices. T is to make sure they have the risks consequences explained to them in whichever manner they understand (written, verbal,flash cards, brail etc) Our duty of care ranges from helping to make or uphold sections about medicines to taking or making complaints making sure they are taken down In the suitable form reported to managers. If at anytime you are unsure abbot your competence in completing a duty of car, always tell some one or ask for help / extra training. If you fail in a duty of care it ends up going to court, you won’t have any defense if you knew you didn’t have the competence to fulfill the task. When becoming a care professional the duty of care affects our work role on a daily basis, the same as all professionals such as doctors, nurses teachers. People have a right to expect a level of professional support that will keep them safe from neglect harm. We are there to provide that support. The Code of Practice e the Mental Capacity Act 2005 should always be followed referred to. It Is also a duty of care to treat people with diddling respect. I hope this gives you an insight on your impending career change. Yours faithfully. Mrs. Aimed choosing the food she wants to will be harmful to her health, therefore I need to have a chat with her to try get her to understand the consequences of it. I with food. * Chat to Mrs. Aimed about her choices ask her to take into consideration her health offer alternatives. * Chat to the medical staff responsible for Mrs. Aimed diet see if an alternative could be found. 82 * My manager * Mrs. Aimed healthcare professionals * Mrs. Aimed care plan (past present)*l need to provide a duty of care to Leon to stop him from being exploited by his new friend. Ask staff at his social housing about the friend the console if Leon has mentioned it to them *Contact the friend explain to them that the console should be brought back as soon as possible. *l would be neglecting Leon if I didn’t help to get the console back. *Try to explain to Leon about him being vulnerable to new people that I am there to help protect him as best I can. * Advice from my manager regarding ho w far this needs to go in order to get the console back (maybe a police matter) * Advice from Leone supported living staff regarding any previous problems like this. To follow Health Social Care Act 2010 *National Minimum Standards complaints policy JIB *Complaint directed to Senior Taft member or manager of setting. *Complaints policy procedures *Time frame to deal with complaint *Complaints policy readily available to all customers, their families staff *Passing on the complaint to only those that need to be investigating it (Senior staff of manager) *Providing factual information as when required (remembering the time frame) *Help supporting people through the complaint procedure. How to cite Care in health,social or young peoples settings, Essays

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Using Social Media Marketing Tool

Question: Discuss about the Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Using Social Media As A Marketing Tool. Answer: Introduction The research topic is presented to focus on the effectiveness of using social media as a useful marketing tool by the business organisations in the United Arab Emirates. The involvement of social is useful for presenting messages and information to a large group of audience, reach people of all ages and demographics, influence the two-way communication between both the customers and organisation, increase the web traffic and thereby enhance the brand image and awareness among the people. This could attract more people and influence their buying behaviour by making them aware of the products and services delivered through promotion on the social networking websites (Armstrong et al., 2015). Research question How could the social media marketing enhance the web traffic and attract more customers for the UAE companies to generate more sales revenue in business? Research hypothesis H0: There is no effectiveness of involving social media as an useful marketing tool for companies in UAE H1: There are various benefits of using social media as an effective marketing tool for the companies in UAE Research aim The aim of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of using social media as a marketing tool by the companies in UAE. Research objectives To identify the impact of social media on the marketing activities managed by the organisations in UAE To evaluate the probable approaches for using the social media as a marketing tool To assess the benefits derived from using the social media as a useful marketing tool To recommend relevant measures for enhancing the efficiency of the social media marketing for UAE organisations Literature Review Social media marketing The involvement of social media platforms and social networking websites for promoting a particular product or service is known as the social media marketing. The social media marketing can allow the business organisations to use various analytical tools for tracking the progress and efficiency of engaging the ad campaigns to promote products and services quickly (Baruah, 2012). The social media marketing is also useful for addressing the various stakeholders in business and deliver messages to them with ease. Within the strategic level, the social media marketing enables to manage the marketing campaign, governance and develop scopes for increasing the brand awareness among people as well (Berthon et al., 2012). Advantages of using social media as a marketing tool The social media usage has enabled the businesses and individuals to communicate with each other and develop good relationships through online activities. By using social media, an online presence is created for increasing the web traffic and for influencing the buying behaviours of consumers too. The major advantage of using social media is that the products are marketed to large numbers of audiences present in various market segments. It can influence the ability to change the buying patterns and manage the acquisition of products and services with ease (Castronovo Huang, 2012). The social media websites are freely accessible, and there are more scopes for reaching the targeted market without much investment. Social media marketing enhances the brand image and loyalty among the consumers and collects relevant information about the consumers, which would further help in proper decision-making. Impact of social media marketing on increased web traffic The use of social media as a marketing tool has helped in reaching people from every market segments and demographics as well. It enhances the effectiveness of online marketing by encouraging two-way communication. This has allowed the customers to provide their queries in the form of comments on the social networking websites, based on which, the organisation could provide relevant solutions. Social media sites are free and are essential tools for providing good quality customer services too (Hays, Page Buhalis, 2013). The new launch of a product or service becomes successful, and it not only increases the brand awareness but also helps in gaining the trust and loyalty of customers with ease and effectiveness. Drawbacks Managing and updating the social media networks take a lot of time and money and are quite a daunting task. Negative comments and feedback provided on the website could lead to the bad reputation of the company and deteriorate the brand image and awareness too. There might also be threats of hackers who could obtain the relevant data and information of consumers and the organisation and disclose the private information too (Kwok Yu, 2013). Positive impact on consumer behaviour Social media marketing enhances the potential of the organisation to deliver products online and deliver the right messages to people regarding the new products and services launched. By providing information to the customers through social networking websites, they could think that they had been valued and this could create a positive mindset among them. This would influence their buying behaviour, and the company would be able to increase its sales revenue efficiently (Papasolomou Melanthiou, 2012). Methodology Research design Among the three different types of research designs including the exploratory, explanatory and descriptive, the descriptive research design is the most suitable. The descriptive research design manages the online survey and is conclusive. It is a preplanned research design that can help to collect data and then put those in a statistical form. It is suitable because of its ability to define the opinions, attitudes, behaviours and influences of a particular group of population (Scott, 2015). Population size The participants of research are the managers of the organisations and the customers who have provided their opinions and responses regarding the use of social media as an effective marketing tool. The sample size has been chosen as 50 customers. Data analysis methods The SPSS tool was used to analyse the collected data and represent those in graphical formats and tables for understanding those with ease. T-test will also be done for analyzing the hypothesis acceptability and derive proper outcomes. Survey questions Do you agree that social media has enhanced the brand image and awareness? Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree What according to you is the most important advantage of using social media as a marketing tool in business? Enhances brand image Attracts more customers Generate more sales E-commerce Good online presence How can social media use attract more customers and retain existing customers? Enhances brand image Attracts more customers Generate more sales Makes people aware of the products and services Reach more customer segments Can the use of social media help the company to maximize its sales and profit level? Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree How effective is the social media marketing tool for generating higher profit level in business? Effective Very effective Neutral Not effective Which of the company in UAE uses social media marketing most efficiently? Digital Farm Alsayegh Media Silverline Networks LLC SOCIALEYEZ McCollins Media Does the social media marketing create any impact on e-commerce transactions? Yes No Do you agree that social media is an effective marketing tool used by companies can help in gaining competitive advantage in business? Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Mechanisms to assure the quality of the study To maintain the good quality of research, the various literature and documents from which data were gathered had been genuine and authenticated. This also helped in the maintenance of reliability and validity of the research (Baruah, 2012). Ethical considerations None of the respondents was forced to take part in the research and all the research materials from which data were gathered had been appropriate and relevant to the research topic. Result From the research, it could be understood that the objectives that were stated earlier had been achieved and all the results had been validated and reliable as well. All the literature and findings match the research objectives, and it shows that the social media usage can act as an effective marketing tool for the business organisations in UAE (Berthon et al., 2012). Conclusion The proposal was developed to analyse the various findings of the research regarding the use of social media as an effective marketing tool in business. The aims and objectives were to determine the benefits derived by using the social media marketing while the literature review discussed the negative drawbacks and social media impact too. It showed that though social media could help business to reach more customers, negative feedbacks might even result in bad reputation and negative brand image. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Baruah, T. D. (2012). Effectiveness of Social Media as a tool of communication and its potential for technology enabled connections: A micro-level study.International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,2(5), 1-10. Berthon, P. R., Pitt, L. F., Plangger, K., Shapiro, D. (2012). Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy.Business horizons,55(3), 261-271. Castronovo, C., Huang, L. (2012). Social media in an alternative marketing communication model.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,6(1), 117. Hays, S., Page, S. J., Buhalis, D. (2013). Social media as a destination marketing tool: its use by national tourism organisations.Current issues in Tourism,16(3), 211-239. Kwok, L., Yu, B. (2013). Spreading social media messages on Facebook: An analysis of restaurant business-to-consumer communications.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(1), 84-94. Papasolomou, I., Melanthiou, Y. (2012). Social media: Marketing public relations new best friend.Journal of Promotion Management,18(3), 319-328. Scott, D. M. (2015).The new rules of marketing and PR: How to use social media, online video, mobile applications, blogs, news releases, and viral marketing to reach buyers directly. 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Roses of Eyam Essay Example

Roses of Eyam Essay After we had read the book Roses of Eyam by Don Taylor in drama class we did some practicals to help us with the understanding of the play and to work on our acting skills. Roses of Eyam is about The Plague and home it came to the small village of Eyam in Derbyshire. In the play The Plague killed many of the characters such as; all of the Sydall family, Edward Thornley and William Torre. The first lesson of practicals consisted of us doing sound tracks and still images. We were placed into groups to do these. A sound track is when you put together sounds o do with a specific topic, this topic being Roses of Eyam, and create an ongoing sound until you reach the finish. A still image is what when you get given a subject to make a picture out of and you freeze into that picture and the audience have to guess what the still image is of. Some groups were better than others in doing the sound tracks. What worked well: the repetition of key facts, certain words were said altogether by the group, which gave it a more dramatic effect, the contrast some groups had between happy and sad with their emotions while speaking, the level of oise because as you increase the level of noise the more suspenseful and dramatic the sound gets. What didnt work well: for sound tracks you must get the beat right for all of the words to it together and if not it Just sounds Jumbled up and it doesnt work well. Still images are fairly easy to do so there was not anything wrong with the still images. We will write a custom essay sample on Roses of Eyam specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Roses of Eyam specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Roses of Eyam specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer What worked well: in some groups they had the different stages of death, how the plague killed people, height levels, with more people low and only a few high it shows the audience who has the authority and power in the still image, and lastly ll groups had a clear understanding of what they were portraying in the still image. In the second lesson of practicals we worked on role-playing. We were in groups of three because we were working on three specific characters: Mopessson, his wife Catherine and Mr. Stanley. We were instructed to act out specific scenes and act them in our interpretation of what it would look like. What worked well: the intensity in some scenes, the expression, both facial and emotional, the connection with the characters, the flow at which everyone spoke, the volume of peoples voices and eye ontact with the audience. What didnt work well: some people begin to laugh while acting and some improvements could have been made to make the scenes more intense and emotional. On the third lesson we acted out our impression of a scene from the past. The scene was about Unwin and Merril fghting over their first love, Jane Dunnet. Both men loved Joan Dunnet and even proposed to her but she ended up marrying a butcher. It was brought up in one of the scenes whilst they were talking to Mr. Howe. What worked well: many groups had lots of humor in their scenes and did very well to ntertain the audience however with humor comes distraction and laughing during the scene which did happen, some groups had placed their characters well enough so we could see who was who and it was not confusing and lastly one group had accents while pertorming. In lesson four, we role-played Unwin and Merrils characters how they are portrayed in the book. All but one group had difficulties and struggled to play old men however some worked while others didnt. We did quite a lot of work on Unwin and Merril because they are very significant to the story because they are the oldest men in the illage and they had survived the plague. What worked well: most groups knew that Unwin and Merril do not really get along therefore they put a lot of attitude into their acting which was very good, some people connected with their characters and people had practiced their scenes very well so they knew when to come in quickly to interrupt each other and have a witty conversation. What didnt work well: some peoples body language didnt work because they werent crouched over like an old man would be and they werent walking slowly so they didnt really recognize that Unwin and Merril are old men so you have to act like old men, some people were blocking while doing their scenes which makes it hard for the audience to see, and some people were not focused and were either forgetting their lines or laughing while they were acting. And finally on the last day we did some more research into Mompessons character however we did it differently this lesson. Instead of Just acting what we think is him we acted out a nightmare Mompesson wouldVe had about the people in Eyam and/or his family. This consisted of making him feel scared because he wasnt going to be here for his family or he would be unable to help the people of Eyam because of the plague and so on. What worked well: some groups ended very well because they ended it with suspense and drama, having a low tone of voice is good in a nightmare because it creates more suspense, the intensity levels, facial expressions, also whoever was acting out Mompesson had to have a lot of emotion because it was a nightmare and it was scary to him. What didnt work well: some groups ended up blocking therefore the audience couldnt see.

No Man is an Island

No Man is an Island Free Online Research Papers As John Donne, the renown English poet once said, No man is an island entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main, if a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were; any mans death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind. And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee. Through this insightful quote, it can be learned that no one can be completely autonomous from the rest of society. Every deed, every death, or every mistake of one man alone will affect those around him. This holds true, even in Homers epic poem, The Odyssey, where the actions of one man will bring about either the eminence or the dissolution of many. Even before The Odyssey took place, there were clear examples of how one person can affect a plethora of people. Before the Trojan War, the price of Troy, Paris, had to hand over a golden apple to one of three goddesses, Aphrodite, Athena, and Artemis. Each offered their own reward in turn for the golden apple. The very lustful Paris however, decided to give the apple to Aphrodite, who promised him the most beautiful woman on Earth as his bride. There was only one problem, the most beautiful woman on the face of the planet was Helen of Sparta and she was married to King Menelaus of Sparta, the ruler of one of the most elite factions the world has ever seen. Paris greed and lust sparked a massive war between the two cities, with the end result being the futile death of thousands of innocent men. Throughout The Odyssey, the main protagonist, Odysseus, makes choices that greatly affect not only his life, but the life of all the men serving under his command. In book nine of The Odyssey, In the One-Eyed Giants Cave, it was only through Odysseus decisive action that his crew was able to so boldly blind the monstrous cyclops, Polyphemus, and deter the sudden doom awaiting them, although by revealing himself to Polyphemus, he angered Poseidon, which prompted him to extract his revenge on them, therefore ruining the rest of the voyage to Ithaca. Furthermore, in book ten, Bewitching of the Queen of Aeaea, had had Hermes not provided Odysseus with the drug required to made him invulnerable from Circes food, he would have never have been able to rescue his men, and they would have all been turned into pathetic swines. On the return voyage to Ithaca, there was certainly not a lack of danger, which the cunning Odysseus was able to skillfully evade. In book eleven, The Kingdom of the Dead, Odysseus prevented his men from getting entrapped from the Sirens entrancing song by making ear plugs out of wax, therefore completely nullifying the volume of the singing. Also in book eleven, Odysseus had the choice of sailing through either Charybdis or Scylla. Charybdis is a deadly whirlpool that constantly synthesizes and then releases water. Scylla is a deadly six headed monster that snatches three men at random from a passing ship and devours them without mercy. Knowing that sailing through Charybdis meant definite destruction for the entire ship, Odysseus chose to sail through Scylla and only lose six of his crew, thereby minimizing casualties. Had Odysseus not made the decision to sail through Scylla, then he would have been responsible for the death of his entire crew. Not only has Odysseus actions affected the lives of those around him-specifically the mend sailing alongside him, but the actions of others have also affected the crew. For example, in book twelve, The Sun Gods Cattle, if Eurylochus didnt kill Helions cattle, Zeus would have never struck their ship with a lightning bolt, and they might have lived, and accompanied Odysseus back to Ithaca, where they would be reunited with their family. Furthermore, it was only through Athenas guidance that Odysseus was able to kill all of Penelopes suitors and win back his kingdom, Odysseus alone could not have done it. In conclusion, every action will create a ripple effect, thereby affecting everyone. In The Odyssey, it has become apparent that the consequences of one man will affect everyone around him. This is a concept that no one can escape. If only things were different. Research Papers on No Man is an IslandCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Essay19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and CanadaThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenMind TravelHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite Religion

Analysis of Consumer and Business Buying Behavior Essay

Analysis of Consumer and Business Buying Behavior - Essay Example In that direction, RetailCo can adopt electronic payment systems like Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), PayPal and Mobile Phone Payment. These payment systems were selected based on the fact that the target customers of RetailCo are largely upper-class, educated and receptive to online shopping, and so would be interested to buy RetailCo’s products through online mode by utilizing any one of the above mentioned payment systems. Then, importantly as the customers and even the staffs of RetailCo would like to have secure and easy to use payment systems, these options were selected. Apart from the already implemented card systems, RetailCo can first adopt the payment system of Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), which involves the electronic transfer of money by the customers from their bank account to the account of RetailCo. If RetailCo includes the EFT option, the customers can click it, and it will lead to a list of banks with which RetailCo has a business arrangement. The customers can select their bank (or the bank in which they will have account), enter the account details with their personal password, and initiate the transaction. This payment option provides the customer an easier option to make the purchase, as they do not have to keep their cards with them all the time, and needing to input all the card details, because they can just remember their internet banking details. However, RetailCo has to include all or majority of the banks by making arrangements with them, otherwise, certain customers may find their banks missing in the list. The next key pa yment option that could be included is the PayPal option, where the customers can buy products by transferring their money electronically from their PayPal account. â€Å"Money would be exchanged via cyberspace - all users needed were an e-mail address, a credit card or bank account number and an Internet connection.† (â€Å"Electronic

Tourism In Greece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Tourism In Greece - Essay Example In the spirit of this ancient tradition of hospitality, contemporary Greece has instituted a tourist industry of considerable magnitude and the country has been continuously classified among the world’s most popular tourist destinations. The spectacular range and enormity of Greece’s tourist attractions encompass natural beauty, rich history and culture. A plethora of mainland destinations along with fifteen thousand kilometres of coastline and over two thousand five hundred islands which are spread out into the Ionian and Aegean Archipelagos add to the country’s unique attributes. These have also been responsible for transforming the country into a vacation spot of international calibre (Apostolopoulos: 72). However, Buhalis (p.441) states that Greece is one of the most remote, peripheral, insular and poor economic regions of the European Union. Its tourism requires urgent strategic management action in order to compete with alternative destinations and maximise the prosperity of the host population. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and critically analyse the process of tourism in Greece. It also proposes to identify areas that require changes, and methods to improve tourism in Greece, which is a popular destination for international tourists. The phenomenal expansion of tourism development since the 1960s has transformed the basis of socioeconomic structure, altering the country’s life chances and welfare, accompanied by adverse sociocultural and ecological ramifications (Apostolopoulos: 72). Tourism continues to be the foremost economic sector of Greece, though it constitutes a statistically invisible industry in the midst of international geopolitical and economic reshuffling. Within this international framework and without overlooking the crisis phase of traditional, mass charter Greek tourism model, the multifaceted dimensions of Greek tourism needs to be critically reviewed. The focus will be on production and consumption

Microeconomic Issue of Social Importance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Microeconomic Issue of Social Importance - Essay Example On the other hand, the suggestion too from the literature is that cigarettes are addictive, and so the demand may in fact be somewhat inelastic. This means that it may be that driving up prices through taxation may not curb consumption as the authorities hope. Some studies suggest this somewhat, even as those studies also suggest that demand is elastic for young smokers, new smokers, and those who have low income. In the long run, therefore, as the population turns over, demand should go down due to taxation leading to higher cigarette prices. The issue at hand is the determination of exactly how cigarette taxation impacts demand, such as in terms of the demographic characteristics of the market response to the taxation and other related aspects of demand. In general, in terms of supply and demand, we see from recent data and from insights from the literature that taxation has a large dampening effect on overall demand for cigarettes (Chaloupka;; Meier and Licari; Wasserman et al.). The overall take from the academic literature is that taxation does curb consumption. Moreover, the higher the price increases resulting from higher taxes, the greater the reductions in demand and consumption. Other insights include that demand is more sensitive to price reductions rather than price increases. This means that reducing taxes can increase demand by a greater amount. This is in comparison to the reduction in demand from the same level of tax reductions. To illustrate, say taxes go down by 10 percent, and demand goes up by say 20 percent. Going the other way, if taxes go up by 10 percent, the demand does not go down by 20 percent, but just by half, at 10 percent for cigarettes. These and other insights are useful in understanding the microeconomic aspects of the impacts of taxation on cigarette consumption and economics. The rest of the paper explores these impacts more closely (Sylvain; Bader et al.). Data from 2012 strongly supports the

Importance of Database Security

Importance of Database Security To be able to manage a huge amount of data effectively and fast, a well organized system is needed to build. It will also need to store and retrieve data easily. Generally, a database system is designed to be used by many users simultaneously for the specific collections of data. Databases are classified based on their types of collections, such as images, numeric, bibliographic or full-text. Digitized databases are created by using management system to make, store, maintain or search the data. Oracle, MS SQL and Sybase servers are mostly used in companies, agencies and institutions for their different purposes of the assets. On the one hand, internetworking technology provides the assets efficiently and effectively among cooperation but it also gives opportunities to hackers or lawbreakers to make profits. So, database security becomes the most important issue and all related agencies have to focus on the availability of their data to the authorized users only. The protection of data from unauthorized disclosure, alteration or destruction is the main purpose of the database security process. Database security is the system, processes, and procedures that protect database from unintended activity that can be categorized as authenticated misuse, malicious attacks made by authorized individuals or processes. Databases have been protected from external connections by firewalls or routers on the network perimeter with the database environment. Database security can begin with the process of creation and publishing of appropriate security standards for the database environment. Particularly database systems in E-commerce, can access the database for exchange and retrieval of information from web applications. As many layers consisted for web application access, it is needed to make sure the security of each layer. In this paper, we are making an attempt to present how to make secure database in each layer of database system of ecommerce in details. Importance of Database Security In this information technology age, it is compulsory for all types of institutions or companies to make avail their information assets online always through databases. However, they must have a policy to divide the levels of users with to which extent they can asset the information. It is vital not to give opportunities to mischievous intruders. Databases are used to provide personnel information, customer information, credit card numbers, financial data and business transactions, etc. The information is very sensitive and highly confidential and must be prevented from disclosure by other competitors and unauthorized persons. The security of data is crucial not only in business but also in even home computers as personal files, details of bank accounts are difficult to replace and potentially unsafe if they will be in wrong hands. Data destroyed by hazards like floods or fire is just lost but handing it in unethical person will have severe consequences. Other threats will be included human errors and espionage. Therefore, the data security starts with strategies of identifying the area of exposure which will be affected. It is important to define who can access what data, who is allowed and who is restricted, whether passwords are used and how to maintain it, what sort of firewalls and anti-malware solutions to use, how to train the staff and to enforce data security. Furthermore, the backup continuity plan should be laid out so that even though the systems fail, the business can be carried out without delay. While constructing the infrastructure security of a company, database security should be well considered. Database is very crucial to most enterprises at present days; the damage of database will have tragic impact on it. Unsecured systems will make hurt both the company itself and its clients. Based on the research done by American National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC) in 2000, the continuous attacks on U.S. e-commerce system are increasing. The most interrupted system is Microsoft Windows NT systems, but UNIX based operating systems have also been maltreated. The hackers are utilizing at least three identified system weaknesses to be able to achieve illegal access and download information. Even though these vulnerabilities are not freshly innovated and the mischievous activities of hackers had been in progress for quite long before the sufferer became noticed of the intrusion. The insecurity of the database can affect not only the database itself, but also the other running systems which have the relationship with that database. The process of an intruder can be first to get access to the poorly safe database, then use strong built-in database characters to get admission to the local operating system. In this way, other trusted systems connecting with that database will be easily attacked by the intruder. Database Security in E-commerce database Database system cannot stand alone and it needs to depend on many other systems. Hence, database security is a combination of many other associated and correlated systems are included as well. The following figure is a normal schema of E-commerce Company. In figure 1, the four basic layers are existed in order to defend a database system. These systems are the functioning system on which the database system runs. Firewall is a commonly applied mechanism to obstruct the interruption from the external network. Web server and web application offer numerous services to the end user by accessing the database. Network layer is the medium in which the data is transmitted. Operating system layer Operating system security is a very important characteristic in database administration. Some dominant features of database systems will possibly be a crack for the underlying operating system. Thus, the responsible person should very thoroughly scan the relations between a feature of database and it is operating system. According to Gollmann, there are five layers in Information Technology system. These layers are application, services, operating system, os kernel and hardware. Each layer is constructed on top of other fundamental ones. As the database system is at the service and application layer, it is existed in above the operating system layer. If the weaknesses of the operating system platforms are identified, then those weaknesses may lead to illegal database access or manipulation. Database configuration files and scripts are at server level resources and they should be sheltered severely to ensure the reliability of the database environment. In many database environments, membership in Operating system group is authorized full power of controlling over the database. To keep away from mistreatment and exploitation of the membership, those users membership and access to the database should be warranted frequently. One of the responsibilities of Administrator is to organize the settings of the operating system or to adjust the size of the buffer and the timeout period, so as to avoid the rejection of service attack stated previously. Most operating system vendors supply system patches generously and fast if any vulnerability has been detected on the system. Another weakness which is often ignored by the administrator is to bring up to date the operating system with the latest patches to abolish the newest revealed holes of the system. Network layer Data has to be transmitted through the network including local LAN and Internet when web applications communicate with database or other distributed components. The two major network transmissions are from user to web server, and from the web application to web database server. All these communications must be completely protected. Although the administrator can secured the network in local domain, the global internet is unmanageable. Encryption is another influential technology. It is set aside not only the invader cannot interrupt but also the encrypted data is unreadable and tremendously hard to presume or decrypt. The matching key can only be to decrypt the cipher text. The two means to apply encryption in database system are of the one way to use the encryption options provided by database products and another way to obtain encryption products form trusted vendors. In addition, one more approach for a safety connection is practicing the secured protocols above TCP/IP, for example, the technology of Ipsec and VPN (Virtual Private Network). The personal traffic in the course of the public internet by means of encryption technology can be provided by VPN. In generally, SSL (secure sockets layer) can be used as another way for cryptography on top of TCP/IP. Safe and sound web sessions can be obtained by Netscape. SSL has newly developed into Transport Layer Security (TLS) that make certain no other invasion may snoop or interfere with any communication. Utilization of SSL can help to validate and protect web sessions, but the computer itself cannot be safe. Web servers There are dissimilarities in functions of Web programs and common programs in area of safety. The major reason is safety for Web application program as the flaw is not easy to perceive. Web server that keeps the external disturbances is located in the middle of the application server and firewall. It can be applied as intermediary to get the data that we approved to be available. For the time being, the software commonly used in web applications is CGI (Common Gateway Interface). The web server can do a different function in easier way as it is uncomplicated. It is user-friendly as a web page counter. Moreover, for example as reading the input from the remote user, it can be used as multifarious to access the input as uncertainty to a local database. CGI proceeds the outcome to the user after retrieving the database. On the other hand, it is also risky since CGI scripts permit software applications to be carried out inside the web server. The well-known language for CGI scripts is Perl since it is simple to build applications and parse the input from the user. Nevertheless, Perl can be exploited by wicked users as it grants some forceful system commands. The invader can simply demolish the system if CGI was weakly executed by web server. This may be a huge hazard to the system as someone can easily eliminate the classified files from Web server as effortless to contact. To get rid of the intimidations, there are several ways to prevent these. The CGI scripts should be prohibited by abuser to write, and the arrangement should be done to CGI program that can be performed as a single way of directory. It should also be cautious in writing the CGI script. No more longer usage of CGI applications such as sample applications should be disposed as these are approachable to Web server and major intentions for invaders since older CGI samples have safety gaps. Without comprehensive handlings, default settings of Web application server can be a huge imperfection of the system if the database system networks with CGI. There need to make sure the system for which extent of operation is unapproved to the clients when a use logs into the database. Web serve with verification methods built in CGI is the most valuable way which means to prepare a CGI script with login name and password to prevent the files. By doing this, the files are protected to the web server apart from readable only. The safety gaps should be checked firmly and regularly to all the scripts even though these are obtained by self-developed, downloaded or bought from vendors. Firewalls The major significant layer to slab the external interruption of the system is Firewalls. Packet filter and proxy server are the two types of firewall mechanism. The connected data between the application and database are divided into packets which consist of much information in its headers, for examples, sources, destination address and protocol being used. A number of them are cleaned as with which source addresses are unbelievable to access to the databases. The arrangement of firewall should be done to access only one or few protocols which is helpful for application queries such as TCP whereas the other packets are choked-up firmly. Accordingly, the smallest amount of risks is maintained for the vulnerable system. Moreover, the ping of fatal loss will be kept systematically if the firewall is constructed to abandon the approached ICMP demand. The potential invaders should be marked out by reserving log files at the firewall. There are two connections in Proxy server. The first one is the connection between cooperations database and proxy server. Another one is the connection between proxy servers also provided the log and audit files. On the other hand, there are very hard to build up strong firewalls, and also too huge and tough to investigate the audit tracks. Database server Database servers are the fundamentals and essentials of greatest values in each and every sector of Education, Health, Military, Manpower, Economics, Modern Arts and Sciences, Information Technology, Electronic Businesses, Financial Institutions, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System, and even universally comprised of sensitive information for business firms, customers, marketers and all stakeholders. The functions and purposes of Database servers are highly depended on the users of their particular intentions for applying the services provided by the operating systems. Some good safety practices for Database servers are to: use multiple passwords to access multi-functions of a server such as using one password to access the single system for administration; apply a different password for another operation; be audited for each and every transaction of the database; utilize application specific user name and password and should never use a default user name or password; back up the system thoroughly for late recovery in case of accidentally break down Allowing to know the end-user for the name and location of database is very worthless. In addition, exposing physical location and name of every database can also be a huge danger to the system. To cover up these issues, we should better practice the service names and pseudonyms. The several copies should be done for the important files which control the accessibility to the database services. Each and every copy should be also connected to a meticulous user group. Moreover, the members of each group should be allowed to access only the relevant documents concerning them. Conclusion The institutions, organizations and business firms mainly stored their important information and valuable assets as digital formats in online related excellent databases. The safety and security issues of Databases become strongly an essential role in the modern world for enterprises. To save from harm of database is to prevent the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ untouchable information resources and digital belongings. Database is the multifarious system and very complicated to handle and difficult to prevent from invaders. Last, but not the least, database protection is also to be taken significantly to the confidentiality, availability and integrity of the organizations like other measures of the safety systems. It can be guarded as diverse natures to cover up. Although auditing is critical, but analysis is also very tough while potential analytical tools will be an enormous contribution to protect the online rationality of database system. There should be reinforced to the corporate safety and security issues. Means of verification and encryption will play the essential role in modern database precaution and safety system.

Effects Of Youth Crime :: essays research papers

Effects of Youth Crime   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A kid walks down the crowded hallway at school. He is late to his class so he is going as fast as he can. In his hurry, he accidentally bumps into another kid. The other kid backs off and starts yelling at the first one. He asks why he bumped into him, and was he trying to start something? The first kid hastily apologizes as he turns and starts to race down the hall toward his third period class. The second kid takes this the wrong way and pulls out a handgun, the crowd around him quickly disperses as they see the gun. He aims his gun at the first kid and says take this you punk! He quickly pulls the trigger several times, the bullets tearing through the first's body. He falls to the ground, dead. Things like this happen every day. Kids hurting other kids, it's not something that should be happening. Because of things like this, there are many rules and regulations at schools and other places that there wasn't before. Youth violence happens every day and it is tearing society apart.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A lot of crimes now days are committed by kids, people under the age of 21. They do all sorts of crime, they murder one another, they steal things, they paint graffiti on the wall. Crime is worse than it ever has been. It used to be the mob that people were scared of, now it's the gangs. If you cross a member of a gang, you can bet that his friends will get you back for him. Gang wars are especially dangerous, it starts with just two people, one from one gang and one from another gang. One of them does something to the other, like stab him, and then the victim's friends will get the attacker. It continues to escalate until it is all out war. Stopping gang wars is just one small step to stopping youth violence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gangs are not the only youth's who commit crime. There are tons of kids who steal from stores, do and sell drugs, vandalize buildings and a lot of other things as well. These kids are just as large of a problem as the gang members are. Some kids think that stealing a candy bar here, a pair of jeans there, is totally harmless. They think that they aren't stealing that much, so it doesn't really matter. Or some kids think that they are beautifying the city by painting on the sides of buildings. Both are wrong, what they are doing is a

The History of Electronic Medical Records

WORK EXPERIENCECase Manager D&S Community Services – Nashville, TN – January 2013 to Present Responsibilities my responsibilities were to keep all files up to date I made sure that each client had OT, PT and ST plans. I made sure that there physicals and dental was up to date. I did the scheduling as well as monthly reviews on each individual I do risk assessment made sure all filing was done and put files and alphabetical order I fax answer phone calls and copy thing as well as greeting the family and clients when they came in to the office when on ISP meeting and do QA all the notes on each client.Medical Assistant Tennessee Pediatrics – Nashville, TN – January 2013 to November 2013 Responsibilities scheduling appointments, checking patients in and out, updating patient's charts, faxing and scanning shot records, assisting Doctors with patients, giving injections and drawing blood, giving CBC, hematology, and running urine analysis, taking vital signs, a nd a variety of other test that pertain to the needs of the patientPhlebotomist Technician / Receptionist tech CSL Plasma – Madison, TN – January 2012 to December 2012 phlebotomist there and the receptionist tech I put in data and do vital signs welcome guess when they enter the door and setting up machines DC in which means disconnect donor from the machine can sitting up machines in preparing them for their donationsDirect Care Professional Tennessee Family Solutions – Nashville, TN – March 2010 to February 2012 Ensured the implementation of outcomes, therapeutic plans, programs and service information between the day/school programs. Ensured the implementation of the Individual Support Plans, ISP and documentation and tracked any progress from the ISP plans. Maintained open communicants with legal guardians, advocates, conservator and indepent support coordinator.Ensured consistency of individual skills effectiveness of programming, service objectives daily notes. Monitored all doctor appointments and follow up appointment along with medications for  individuals served. Ensured the home for safety and environmental issues to help to resolve the issues if any were found. Ensured that each individual's current nutritional and behavior management plan was being carried outTechnician Assistant Donaldson Place Caring Rehabilitation – 2008 to 2009 Administered and monitored the care of the patients. Ensured active treatment programs were being implemented to meet the need of the patient. Developed behavior support systems to help reduce challenging behaviors of the patient. Encouraged self-development of the patient while they were in the care of the agency. Assisted the activities coordinator with daily activities of the clients. Assisted nurses with passing daily medication to patients. Completed all paper work in a timely manner.Resources for Human Development Care Provider 2008 to 2009Ensured the daily living skills of the clients were being met. Ensured that all regulations were met for active treatment and for all services provided to the client. Ensured the each client medical and nutritional management plan was being followed daily. Ensured consistency of individual skills effectiveness of programming, service objectives and daily notes. Ensured the home was maintained for the safety of the client. Completed all paper work in a timely manner. Tracked and implemented behavior supports that were needed for the client.COMPUTER AND PROFESSIONAL SKILLS: CPR and First Aid Certified. Unlicensed Professional Medication Administration Certified Proficient with Microsoft office word, Power Point, Excel, Outlook.EDUCATIONMedical assistant in M.A Nashville College of medical careers – Nashville, TN January 2009 to January 2010 High School Diploma Cornerstone Christian High School – Georgia January 2005 to January 2008ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONFive years’ experience in the Developmentally Dis abled and Mentally. Challenged individuals served. Experienced with proving medical assistance  to clients while in rehabilitation.

How and why did the French Revolution affect Ireland essays

How and why did the French Revolution affect Ireland essays The French Revolution had an overwhelming affect on Ireland. The similar situations in the two countries meant that the French Revolution had real relevance for Irish society, as it provided an example of how to overthrow a tyrannical regime and helped break the sectarian deadlock which had disabled the reform movement of the 1780s, as Presbyterians were encouraged by the actions of the French Catholics to embrace the Catholics of Ireland. The Irish Catholics, due to the restrictions imposed by the Penal Code, accepted the principles expressed in France, as did the Presbyterian community for both pragmatic and ideological reasons. The politicization and radicalization of the Irish Catholics, under the Catholic Committee caused the Irish government to further adopt suppressive methods to deal with this revolutionary force. The French Revolution helped spark the rebirth of the Irish reformist movement, expressed through the radical United Irishmen, who helped develop a Catholic-Presby terian alliance and the beginnings of an Irish separatist movement, again serving to increase the intransigence of the Ascendancy, as war with revolutionary France broke out in 1793. Ireland was a fertile ground for revolutionary principles to gain acceptance due to previous developments and the tradition of dissent, which existed throughout the country. The tradition of Colonial Nationalism, and wide belief in the Social Contract Theory combined with the experiences of the American War and Volunteering meant that the country was already rich in the principles expressed in France, and had experience in opposing a corrupt system of government. The subsequent failure of Grattans Parliament to represent the views of the Irish Presbyterian and Catholic communities, and the failure of the reform movement, caused by the Catholic question, had already induced feelings of frustration within the country, making the message...

Gender Issues In Sri Lanka Essays - Republics, Sri Lanka

Gender Issues In Sri Lanka Essays - Republics, Sri Lanka Gender Issues In Sri Lanka Gender issues In general, when considering third world countries, most would say that they have some very similar characteristics. Third world countries are often thought of as places that are impoverished, have significantly high birthrates, are economically dependent on advanced countries, and have not evolved socially in regards to equal rights issues. Although many of these characteristics do apply to Sri Lanka, the latter has definitely evoked some discussion on the topic of gender issues in underdeveloped countries. Issues such as decision making in the household, educated women and their role in society, and attitudes towards women in employment will be discussed. As stated earlier, most would agree that from a distant perspective Sri Lanka would seem to be socially underdeveloped in regards to equal rights. One way that this misconception is debunked is by looking at the roles of male and female in the household. There are many variables to take into consideration when looking at roles of family members and who has the balance of power; for instance, if the wife is working or not could be considered at both ends of the scale. If she is working than her husband may feel that because she is making a financial contribution she has more of a right to make important economic decisions that may effect the family. On the other hand he may feel as though her being away from the children is a detriment to their upbringing, and in turn is placing a burden upon the family leaving the wife with few domestic decisions. Another variable that has to be considered is if the residence is with the husband's family or if it is with the wife's family. In this ca se one would assume that whichever house was being resided in would have the balance of the say towards family decisions. The last variable that will be considered is that of marital duration. Does a longer marriage necessarily mean that the financial and domestic decisions of the household will become split evenly between the husband and wife? The answers to these questions were the focus of a study conducted by Anju Malhotra and Mark Mather in 1992. The study showed that when the wives were working, regardless of whether or not they shared their wages or kept them, they had an increase say on financial matters. However, the domestic decisions were not nearly as great, especially if the wages earned by the wife were kept for herself (Malhotra et al. 1997: 620). When looking at the balance of power in regards to household arrangement, the study found that the wife had almost no say on financial matters when living at the husband's parents house but did have some say on domestic issu es. The opposite it true for when the family resided at the wife's parents house. The wife typically had a significant say on financial and domestic matters with the latter outweighing the two (Malhotra et al. 1997: 620). As far as marital duration is concerned, it seems as though as the family grows together there is somewhat of a role reversal. The husband becomes more concerned with domestic matters and the wife takes some responsibility for the financial decisions (Malhotra et al. 1997:620). These findings led my research group to believe that the people of Sri Lanka are generally very similar to those of western societies in regards to household decisions. Education is not something we think about when speaking about developing countries, many assume that it is just not an option for underprivileged people. Although that is the unfortunate truth that effects many third world countries, it does seem that Sri Lanka is on its way to recovering itself. For many years the gender gap between male and female scholars needed to be decreased. In the early 1980's the percentage of the total amount of people with university degrees that were women was barely above 40%. A more alarming fact might be that the percentage with post-graduate degrees was barely above 25% (Ahooja-Patel K. 1979: 217). The majority of women pursuing a degree usually did so in the fine arts category or the education and teacher training fields, many staying away from disciplines such as

Application essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Application - Essay Example I will always look for a constant improvement in order to improve efficiency and productivity of the company. I was inspired by fashion giants like H&M , Zara, And Uniqlo and I am determined to make reputable company in working in theh field of retailing. Thus, when I came to the USA, I decided to pursue a degree in B.S. as a way of fulfilling my childhood dream. However, moving to the US had its challenges. At first, I experienced the challenge of transferring from high school to college. Nevertheless, I overcame the challenges. Thus, transferring to the U.S. enables me to fulfill my passion for studying business. Another reason why I want to transfer is because I am interested in finding challenging educational opportunities. My studies at Pasadena City College (PCC) had been impressive because of the dedicated instructors who taught me well enabling me to think creatively. While PCC provided me with classes and activities needed to start the journey, I still believed that they were just the basics of my educational career. Indeed, PCC provided me with general courses that lacked in-depth skills for my higher education, which requires comprehensive knowledge other than simply attending lectures and mastering books. Upon transferring from PCC, I hope that I will be able to improve my skills with internships in a recognizable Company. My enthusiasm to transfer is also led by my desire to explore wider networking possibilities. I realize that connecting with other people is vital to achieving a successful career. In PCC, I was involved in community service and organizations such as Alpha Gamma Sigma (AGS) and PERMIAS, an Indonesian community club. By transferring, I look forward to linking my profession with social work by maintaining connections with other students through social events. I believe that building connections with people from various nations with diverse values will make me acknowledge the

Race and Intersectionality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Race and Intersectionality - Essay Example The paper tells that according to Eliot, intersectionality is the study of the intersections between various disenfranchised minority groups. To be specific, it is the study of the multiple systems’ interactions of discrimination and oppression. It is a study methodology of relationships among many modalities and dimensions of subject formations and social relationships. Racism is an issue of actions, practices, and views that are not only desirable based on gender because they contribute to a sense of superiority and inferiority. It reflects the humanity belief segmented in groups with women experiencing the highest effect of racism than men. Eliot points out that intersectionality tries to look into how and suggests different categories of culture, social and biology interact on many simultaneous levels thus contributing to socially unequal systems. Furthermore, Smith explains that intersectionality is of the stand that traditional conceptualization of acts of oppression in the whole society such as sexism, religion, and racism do not function independently, however, these oppression forms interrelate creating oppression systems that portray the multiple forms intersection of discrimination. â€Å"Racism is not an effect but a tactic in the internal fission of society into binary opposition, a means of creating‘biologized’ internal enemies, against whom society must defend itself†. ... Moreover, another example â€Å"when my son was born I had been deadened with a needle in my spine. He was shown to me-the incredible miracle nothing prepared me for-then taken from me in the name of medical progress†. From the examples, intellectuality is being portrayed in the hospital set up. Stripping away a baby is like stripping a mother all her motherly rights. This portrays how gender is being reflected in the intersectionalism. According to Smith, as individuals seek to create a socially fulfilling and just everyday life and as a colle ction seeking to make history through social movements and political actions, we struggle with unstable connections between class, gender, and race. The explanatory and methodological framework for connecting all these three different axes difference and identity, of antagonism and alliance remains elusive. Harjo observes that any comparative history suggests that solidarity demand across class; race and lines of gender are most likely to compete than to coalesce. According to Eliot, social inequality different intersections are called matrix of domination. This can also be referred to as vectors of privileged and oppression. This term explains how differences in people like class, sexual orientation, age, race among others act as measures of oppression towards the women and finally change experiences in society as living like a woman. Smith explains how women for many years have been raped in wars, the immigrants and the blacks to show them their inferiority or for the men to stamp their authority. For many years the societies have had thinking that influence and fuels oppression and intensify these differences further.

Sexual harassmen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexual harassmen - Essay Example The most common means of reprimanding employees found to be complicit in sexual harassment in the workplace are termination of employment, a verbal/written reprimand and a mandated apology. It has been found that employees of a company or organization that tend to lean towards harsher punishments for sexual harassment feel the company takes the problem seriously. This establishes a relationship of trust between employees and management that can create an atmosphere that discourages sexual harassment (Nelson, 2007). Organizations that avoid firing, reprimanding and mandating apologies risk alienating employees. Sexual harassment claims will be less likely to be made because of the perception that nothing will be done or it will be swept under the carpet by some sort of secret deal. Perceptions among employees that sexual harassment is tolerated as a result of the established organizational culture, combined with a that witnesses the harassment’s political beliefs can discourage reporting of observed sexual harassment (Benavides, 2010). Considering that the NRA is a pro-business lobbying group, the current president needs to take the probable political affiliations of employees as a consideration when considering changes to the sexual harassment policy at the NRA. Also of importance in this incident is how the current president of the NRA reviews the existing sexual harassment policy. This is important because individuals outside of the organization tend to judge the organization being accused of providing an unsafe work environment more harshly if they are not playing by their own rules. If there is a sexual harassment policy that had been violated, or if there is no sexual harassment policy at all, jurors tend to award the plaintiff more monetary damages (Cass, 2010). The lesson that needs to be learned from this finding that can be applied to the current situation is this: the public and

Hardest Victory Essay Example for Free

Hardest Victory Essay It is well known that man’s every desire comes forth, not from the mind, but from the core of his heart. It is this very heart that compels him to seek and fulfill those desires; be it moral or immoral in nature. From day one, man has sought to accomplish every single want that finds its way into his heart and he seldom offers any resistance against these. He may be all powerful and mighty when it comes to his daily hurdles but his weakness is evident in the fact that he cannot control and conquer the spirit in him that unceasingly demands more and more; the spirit against which, obtaining victory is nearly impossible. This is exactly the message Aristotle, through philosophical knowledge, has made an attempt to convey, to not only you or me but to all of us; a message stating, that the hardest victory is victory over the self. Indeed, Aristotle was right when he spoke about victory over one’s self being the hardest to obtain. Very often, it so happens, that despite the attempts made, one is unable to understand himself. He is left with no clue about who he is, where he is and most importantly, what he wants in life. This has resulted in him being uncertain and doubtful about his basic needs and so called luxuries. He is blinded by passions that may or may not be in his capability to achieve. But he is unaware that in his attempts to achieve these passions at any cost, he is loosing a battle against his greedy spirit; what he doesn’t know is that he has given himself to materialistic elements – elements that will only pull him down, making it harder for him to ‘breathe’ and live with ease – it will only make it more difficult for him to conquer that spirit, that big hurdle, that comes in his way to being truly victorious; a sight which is not all that common in the generation of today; because this present generation is a goal oriented and career driven kind that has given rise to numerous problems and various dilemmas due to its striving nature. At this point of time, it would only be right to say, that in order to be a true winner, man has got to learn that there is only one war to be fought; it is this war that determines the result of his success. This war is not symbolically a political or religious one, but signifies one that is personal and within one’s self. One must realize that in order to achieve success, it is necessary to surmount and do away with the desires of his mortal heart. Only then is he capable of acquiring the victory that was, is and will forever be the dream of scores of people who have come and are to come into this world. To conclude and leave you pondering, it would be best to impart to you a statement I happen to recall, a statement made by Chinese philosopher Lao-Tzu; a statement that goes like this He who controls others may be powerful, but he who has mastered himself is mightier still.

Change in business world today

Change in business world today 1.0 Introduction Globalization, competitive pressure, and quest for productivity have been a major driver for change in business world today. Activities of people in the business world have led to different problems and interests within business cycle. Many companies used Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a framework to consider the interest of all stakeholders in the business environment. CSR contribution of many businesses can be viewed with different meaning and culture, in the United State is like charity model but in the EU member states, it is part of core business activities in a socially responsible manner for companies operating within Europe. United Kingdom (UK) governments policy on CSR was as a means to crack down on irresponsible business behaviours and to raise contribution of companies toward CSR above minimum legal standards. Many multinational companies operating in Europe make special annual CSR reports; companies like Tesco and Marks Spencer but some companies like Lidl do not account for it. Companies that make provisions for CSR pay serious attention to it and even compete with each other to show their contribution towards CSR, in order to display their commitment as responsible companies. They make sure that CSR is the pivotal point for their core business activities, which serve as a centre message to outside world. Moreover, their CSR capture the interest of all stakeholders (stakeholders- shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, business partners, pressure groups, and government) as appropriate. There is general controversy on CSR to be part of core activities of any organisation by leading scholars like British Economist David Henderson. Many multinational companies were seriously criticised with their CSR policy as an avenue for increasing profitability in long run. There are two sides to these arguments on CSR; the argument against CSR was that it is a new way of deceiving and exploiting people while the argument in favour of CSR was that it is a best way for a responsible company to give back to the society where it operates. Another problem associated with CSR campaigners like Friends of the Earth is that those who make effort to publish their CSR contribution annually (like Tesco) was not free of criticism like those who does not publish anything on CSR (like ISS UK). This raises major question in the mind of people; is there any acceptable threshold in place to determine companies contribution on CSR? It is very difficult for most of these multinational companies to convince public that their CSR contribution is solely for sustainable development without marketing motive behind it. However, the CSR contribution provides by ISS UK may have different motives attached to it base on implementation. Some of the CSR contributions of ISS UK can be viewed as a marketing tool because it create more marketing promotion for the company than the benefits derived from it by the beneficiaries. For example, ISS UK boldly prints their name on any goods given out either as charity or to their staff. The benefits that the company derive from this action in term of recognition and brand image outweigh its benefits to the recipients. Moreover, the company have moved far to convince the public about its CSR contribution as a pure sustainable development programme by joining Business in the Community (BITC) a leading responsible business organisation. 1.1 Aims The dissertation will critically evaluate the position of academic scholars regarding CSR contributions and the various reputation ratings, and outline different meanings attached to sustainable development. Moreover, it will examine the statistical relationship between CSR contributions and profitability of ISS UK. In addition, the dissertation will evaluate whether CSR is for marketing purposes or whether it is supportive of the strategy the organisation is taking towards sustainable development. The recommendations from the research study will be available to ISS UK, Department of Trade Investment, other governmental agencies with an interest, and to other institutions that need it for further research. 1.2 Objectives The following objectives will be undertaken: 1.2.1 To critically review literature on Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development 1.2.2 To examine the reputations rating in place, for companies based on their CSR contribution 1.2.3 To determine if there is statistical relationship between CSR contribution of ISS UK and their profitability 1.2.4 To anticipate if there is any appropriate percentage of ISSs pre-tax profits to be spent toward CSR 1.2.5 To critically evaluate if CSR contribution is more important for public limited company than private company 1.2.6 To make recommendations to ISS UK, the Department of Trade Investment, other governmental agencies with an interest, and to other institutions that need it for further research Bibliography: Baker, Mallen. â€Å"Corporate and Social Responsibility: What does it mean?† Retrieved from http://www.mallenbaker.net accessed on 20 October 09 Gunther, M (2003) Corporate Responsibility, Fortune Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.fortune.com accessed on 23 October 09 Orlitzky, Marc, Frank L. Schmidt, Sara L. Rynes (2003) â€Å"Corporate Social and Financial Performance: A meta-analysis† Organization Studies (London: SAGE Publications), 24, 2003. Retrieved from http://www.finanzasostenibile.it/finanza/moskowitz2004 accessed on 22 October 09 Williams, C.A and Aguilera, R.V (2008) â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility in a Comparative Perspective† in Crane A, et.al (PDF). The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Social Responsibility

My Philosophy of Education :: Teaching Education Essays

My Philosophy of Education There are many ways to educate, express or unveil knowledge to a student. The student’s education greatly depends on the educator’s philosophy of education. This ideological viewpoint appears to be the one true constant that could be a detrimental development influence in the classroom, no matter what curriculum is designed for the student. The students of today possess distinct and different qualities and beliefs that educators are now realizing and learning to adapt to in the classroom. If educators cannot get beyond the boundaries of social class, religion, race, creed, gender, sex, disability or cultural background, then our focus has turned too heavily upon differences and the labeling of students as special needs or underachiever, thus forming harsh pre-expectations toward students in the classroom. In my school environment everyone will be treated on an equal playing field. This atmosphere between student and teacher will enable the education process to direct itself in a positive manner sufficiently reaching the overall goal, which is knowledge through personal achievement and reason enlightenment. As an educator, I realize that my philosophy of education is portrayed not only in my actions within the classroom, but also in my overall character as an individual. I must, therefore, reflect a positive attitude in the classroom focusing on the importance of humanity, multiculturalism and the teaching of the Language Arts. Every student has the individual right to an education and it is my duty to insure that each student has the opportunity to exercise his or her educational rights in my classroom. As an educator, I must be on the cutting edge of new technology and teaching methods, so I may be prepared to offer my students a broad spectrum of learning related to their global env ironment. Learning is an infinite process, which I as an educator must acknowledge and portray in my classroom. I hope to help develop and form camaraderie in my classroom, which will create relationships of honesty and integrity with my students, giving them an inviting avenue of communication with me and with their peers. More importantly, my classroom will offer my student’s a learning sanctuary, which will provide them an environment to expand their knowledge and understand the world and themselves.

Individual WileyPlus Exercises Essay

1. Brief Exercise BE1-7. Indicate which statement you would examine to find each of the following items: income statement, balance sheet, retained earnings statement, or statement of cash flows. 2. Brief Exercise BE1-8. Use the basic accounting equation to answer these questions. (a) The liabilities of Cummings Company are $90,000 and the stockholders’ equity is $230,000. What is the amount of Cummings Company’s total assets? (b) The total assets of Haldeman Company are $170,000 and its stockholders’ equity is $90,000. What is the amount of its total liabilities? (c) The total assets of Dain Co. are $800,000 and its liabilities are equal to one-fourth of its total assets. What is the amount of Dain Co.’s stockholders’ equity? 3. Brief Exercise BE1-9. At the beginning of the year, Fuqua Company had total assets of $800,000 and total liabilities of $500,000. (a) If total assets increased $150,000 during the year and total liabilities decreased $80,000, what is the amount of stockholders’ equity at the end of the year? (b) During the year, total liabilities increased $100,000 and stockholders’ equity decreased $70,000. What is the amount of total assets at the end of the year. (c) If total assets decreased $90,000 and stockholders’ equity increased

Culture and Gender

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia adheres to strict Koran laws. Among them is the veiling of women, structuring of their work and lives away from men, and driving (Wikipedia, 2007). Though education in the West is slowly changing this, it is not in any way translated to policy changes or reforms (Bradley, 2006). We aim to ink a deal with the Saudi government for the setting-up of a supermarket chain. To be successful, the negotiators must show respect to the country’s laws and norms. The Saudi government- through the religious police- is the primary proponent and advocate of strict laws and norms pertaining to women hence they should be dealt with sensitively. I choose the budding male executive over the veteran female to head the team. In the country, women are not expected to work in positions which allow them to interact with men. Sending a woman as head of the negotiating team would be an insult to the Saudis with their deeply-entrenched conservative values. Should the CEO insist on sending her, I will ensure that she will not be the front liner. She will still head the negotiations but the spokesman will be the male executive. She will still make the decision but through the latter. My decision will send a message to within and outside the company that we are serious in our business transactions.   It is by complying with the norms and laws of wherever you do business which wins deals. As a leader, it will show my flexibility in matters not wholly congruent to traditional norms of conducting business. Part II- Power Corruption Cycle Power Corruption Cycle is an organizational phenomena characterized by the use of rank to intimidate or bribe the lower-echelons to allow an illegitimate or corrupt practice to happen and/or continue. When the latter become managers or executives themselves, they apply the same corrupt practices which also influence those with lower positions. This cycle- if uninterrupted by new management- would go on and on. It poisons an organization in that the quality of service/s and/or products will be compromised which will eventually lead to its downfall. An example is on the awarding of contracts to bidders in government projects. The members of the bids and awards committee are all corrupt and have a mutual understanding of granting the contract not to the one which offers the premium bid but to the one who can offer the largest kickback. A young, newly-hired assistant to the committee intends to follow stated rules in bidding but soon finds out about the â€Å"unwritten rules†. He is co-opted and fits permanently into the organization. The people- recipients of developmental projects- suffer through sub-standard infrastructure and incoherent development projects and services. This leads to mistrust and enmity towards the government which will create a longing in society to reform, if not replace the government in power and/or the system. ReferenceBradley, J. (2006). Saudi Arabia exposed: Inside a kingdom in crisis. NY: Palgrave Macmillan. Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia. 2007. Islam in Saudi Arabia. Retrieved Feb. 13, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia#Islamism_in_Saudi_Arabia.